What are the contents of first aid and emergency health training

At present, the core content of domestic conventional first aid and emergency health training basically revolves around the three logics of "on-site life-saving, damage control, and pre-risk avoidance." It is not a collection of scattered knowledge points, but is designed according to standards that ordinary people can get started and use in real situations.

Don’t think you’re going to learn CPR right from the start. Many students are first tested in the first class on “What’s the first step you do when someone faints?”. Nine out of ten students get the wrong answer—it’s not about pressing the button when they come up. It’s about first confirming the safety of the scene, tapping the shoulder to call the person to judge their consciousness, and then accurately dialing 120 to report the location and status of the patient. If these pre-steps are wrong, it will be useless no matter how familiar you are with the skills later. Of course, the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and AED (automated external defibrillator) is definitely the core content. There is now a lot of controversy in this part: some professionals feel that ordinary students should not be taught artificial respiration if they have not received long-term training. To avoid cross-infection, chest compressions alone can be effective; there are also many trainers who insist on explaining the standard operations and protection points thoroughly. Most people will not care about the risk of infection if their loved ones are in trouble. There is also the content of trauma first aid, which is more controversial, such as the use of tourniquets. Some experts believe that ordinary people can bind limbs to necrosis if they do not control the strength and position well, and it is enough to teach compression to stop bleeding. However, we often provide training for hiking and cycling clubs, and we will definitely teach it. After all, the mountains are far away from the city. If an artery ruptures, it may be too late to wait for the ambulance to arrive. Just make the taboos clear. Last time, a riding friend learned this and saved a young man who crashed and ruptured his femoral artery on the winding mountain road.

After talking about the hard skills of emergency rescue, there are also many emergency contents related to daily health, which many people tend to ignore but are extremely practical. I was doing training for a takeout site a few months ago, and a guy said that when I was running orders on a hot day last summer, I felt dizzy and nauseous from the sun, thinking it was a cold. I almost fainted from heat stroke on the road, but later I learned about the graded treatment of heat stroke, as well as the correct treatment of common minor accidents such as burns, cat and dog scratches, and fishbones stuck in the throat. Many people used to rely on "home-made methods", such as applying toothpaste, drinking vinegar, and patting on the back, but turned small problems into big troubles.

Going a step further, truly useful training will also focus on "when nothing goes wrong", that is, common sense of risk avoidance. Last year, we conducted fire emergency training for office buildings. Later, a small fire broke out in the building. Several students said that if they had not attended the class, they would have almost followed the crowd and ran to the elevator. They would never have thought of covering their mouths and noses while walking through the fire escape. When we provide training to the community, we will also specifically talk about identifying the precursors of sudden strokes and myocardial infarction in the elderly, which can help grab the golden time for treatment. When doing training for kindergartens, we will talk more about how to prevent children from choking on foreign objects. After all, no matter how easy the Heimlich maneuver is, it is better not to feed whole jelly or peanuts to children under three years old.

Anyway, these contents are not fixed. They are all adjusted according to the training group. The core is one: you can use it after learning it, and it will be effective after you use it.