What is the role of pirarubicin intravesical instillation?

Intravesical infusion of pirarubicin is mainly used to prevent and treat postoperative recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Pirarubicin is an anthracycline anti-tumor drug that exerts anti-cancer effects by inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis of tumor cells. Intravesical instillation can directly act on local lesions and reduce systemic side effects.

The mechanism of action of pirarubicin intravesical infusion mainly includes interfering with the function of DNA topoisomerase II in tumor cells, blocking the repair and replication of DNA chains, and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. The drug has a selective killing effect on superficial tumors of the bladder mucosa and can effectively remove residual microscopic lesions after surgery. After infusion, the drug maintains a high concentration in the bladder, but the systemic absorption is small, so adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression are mild. Clinical studies have shown that pirarubicin infusion can reduce the probability of recurrence within 1 year of surgery in patients with intermediate- and low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and it also has certain effects on carcinoma in situ. Bladder irritation symptoms such as frequent urination and urgency may occur during treatment, but most patients can tolerate it. The bladder needs to be emptied before infusion, and the position needs to be changed regularly after infusion to ensure that the drug contacts the bladder wall evenly.

Intravesical instillation of pirarubicin needs to be carried out under the guidance of a professional doctor, usually once a week for 6-8 weeks as a course of treatment. During treatment, urine routine and cystoscopy should be reviewed regularly to monitor efficacy and adverse reactions. Patients need to maintain adequate fluid intake and avoid spicy foods that may irritate the bladder. If severe hematuria or persistent bladder pain occurs, you should seek medical advice promptly to adjust the treatment plan. Long-term postoperative follow-up combined with regular infusion can significantly improve tumor control effects.