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When uterine fibroids are treated without surgery, drug treatment, traditional Chinese medicine conditioning, lifestyle intervention and other methods can usually be used.

1. Drug treatment

Drug treatments for uterine fibroids mainly include gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, mifepristone tablets, etc. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs such as leuprolide microspheres can reduce estrogen secretion by inhibiting ovarian function, thereby reducing the size of fibroids. Mifepristone tablets, as a progesterone receptor antagonist, can block the stimulating effect of progesterone on fibroid growth. Drug treatment is suitable for patients with small fibroids, mild symptoms, or those who are near menopause. It needs to be used under the guidance of a doctor and reviewed regularly.

2. Traditional Chinese Medicine conditioning

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that uterine fibroids are mostly caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis, and Chinese patent medicines such as Guizhi Fuling Capsules and Gongliuxiao Capsules are commonly used. Guizhi Fuling Capsule has the effect of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, while Gongliuxiao Capsule can soften and dissolve hard knots. Traditional Chinese medicine decoctions are treated based on syndrome differentiation of individual constitutions, and are often combined with medicinal materials such as peach kernels and safflower. Traditional Chinese medicine conditioning needs to last 3-6 months, and the medication plan should be adjusted according to the menstrual cycle.

3. Interventional treatment

Uterine artery embolization blocks the blood supply of fibroids to cause them to shrink and become necrotic. It is suitable for women of childbearing age who want to preserve their uterus. Focused ultrasound ablation uses ultrasonic waves to generate heat energy to accurately ablate fibroid tissue. These two minimally invasive interventional methods recover quickly, but there may be a risk of recurrence, and drugs need to be used to consolidate the efficacy after surgery.

4. Lifestyle intervention

Maintain a regular schedule to avoid staying up late, and do moderate exercise such as yoga, swimming and other aerobic exercises. Reduce the intake of high-estrogen foods such as royal jelly and animal offal, and increase the intake of cruciferous vegetables. Control your weight within the normal range. A BMI exceeding 25 may aggravate the condition. Stop smoking, limit alcohol consumption, and avoid sedentary work styles.

5. Regular monitoring

Perform gynecological examination and ultrasound review every 3-6 months to observe changes in the size of fibroids. Record the menstrual cycle, menstrual volume and accompanying symptoms, and seek medical advice promptly if any abnormalities are found. In postmenopausal women, as estrogen levels decrease, fibroids often shrink naturally, but continued follow-up is still required to rule out the possibility of malignant transformation.

During non-surgical treatment, a balanced diet should be maintained, and high-quality protein and iron should be supplemented in an appropriate amount to prevent anemia. Avoid taking estrogen-containing supplements and reduce caffeine intake. Stay in a good mood and do pelvic floor muscle exercises appropriately. If there is a sudden increase in menstrual flow, severe abdominal pain, or worsening of compression symptoms, the indications for surgery need to be evaluated promptly.